pex - python executables

https://pex.readthedocs.io/

PEX files are self-contained executable Python virtual environments. More specifically, they are carefully constructed zip files with a #!/usr/bin/env python and special __main__.py that allows you to interact with the PEX runtime. For more information about zip applications, see PEP 441.

via this article, where the author uses them to bundle and deploy python applications into docker images for distribution